Hand pump for spraying liquids



June 4, 1963 s. J. RIDENOUR ETAL 3,092,330

HAND PUMP FOR SPRAYING LIQUIDS Filed Feb. 15, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IIIa u INVENTORS. 57% war? J. R/de/wur BY Asa P/ckinpaugh June 4, 1963 s.J. RIDENOUR ETAL 3,092,330

HAND PUMP FOR SPRAYING LIQUIDS Filed Feb. 13, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTORS. 572 Mr 2 J. Hale/70w BY 150 Plck/rzpaugh United States Patent3,092,330 HAND PUMP FOR SPRAYING LIQUIDS Stewart J. Ridenour, Raytown,and Asa Pickinpaugh, Kansas City North, Mo., assignors to Cook ChemicalCompany, Kansas City, Mo., a corporation of Missouri Filed Feb. 13,1961, Ser. No. 88,882 6 Claims. (Cl. 239-333) This invention relates toapparatus for dispensing liquids, such as disinfectants, bug sprays orthe like, and relates more particularly to a pump adapted to be attachedto a liquids-carrying container for pumping liquids from the latter.

It is the primary object of the present invention to provide a pump fordispensing liquids from a container, which pump includes a bodyengageable with the container and being of a novel configuration so asto more efiecu'vely and positively dispense liquids from the container.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of a pump fordispensing liquids carried by a container, which pump is provided withmeans for securing the same to the container so that the liquids may beimmediately dispensed to thereby preclude the transfer of the liquids toa separate container for the dispensing thereof.

Still another object of the present invention is the provision of a pumpfor attachment to a container having liquids to be sprayed therein,which pump is provided with a body of yieldable material adapted to befitted over a spout normally carried by containers carrying liquids ofthe aforesaid type, whereby to preclude the necessity of externalfastening means for securing the pump to the container.

Yet another object of the present invention is the provision of a pumphaving nozzle means thereon, which nozzle means is adjustable relativeto the remainder of the pump so as to obtain various spray patterns tosuit the pump to varying conditions of use.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of a pump forspraying liquids, which pump includes a body having an elongated boretherein, valve means within the bore, and pressure varying meansoperably coupled with the body whereby liquids are consecutivelydelivered to the bore and dispensed therein under the action of thepressure varying means operated by the user of the pump.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of pressureequalizing means carried within the nozzle for equalizing the pressureof the fluid delivered to the nozzle, whereby the fluid is moreeffectively dispensed from the nozzle and the spray pattern obtainedtherefrom is substantially uniform throughout the effective crosssection of the spray.

Other objects of the present invention relate to the provision of acylinder and piston unit providing the pressure varying means operablycoupled to the body forming a part of the pump, whereby the liquids maybe delivered to the bore of the body and dispensed therefrom under theshifting movement of the piston the cylinder; to the provision of asupport adapted to be secured to the container and engageable with thecylinder for supporting the latter, whereby the cylinder is adequatelyrendered immovable relative to the remainder of the pump during theoperation of the latter; to the "ice provision of a U-shaped supporthaving a bight portion of yieldable material and including a concave,cylinderreceiving surface, whereby the cylinder is cradled in the bightportion at the concave surface thereof and releasably clamped theretofor rendering the cylinder immovable relative to the remainder of thepump during the operation of the latter; to the provision of a bodyincluding a pair of removable sections whereby the sections may bemolded from a suitable plastic material to obtain a novel configurationfor the pump; to the provision of a notched disc disposed within thenozzle of the pump, whereby the disc provides a pressure equalizingmeans within the nozzle prior to the discharge of the liquids from thelatter; to the provision of a stem rigid to the disc and operablycoupled to the body for attaching the disc to the latter in spacedrelationship thereto; and to the provision of a body having an elongatedbore therein and a pair of fluid passages the-rethrough extendingoutwardly from the bore, whereby liquids may be introduced into the borethrough one of said passage means and dispensed therefrom through theother of said passage means under the action of the cylinder and pistonunit.

Other objects of the present invention will become apparent as thefollowing specification progresses, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of the pump which is the subject ofthis invention, which pump includes a body adapted to be secured to acontainer and a cylinder and piston unit operably coupled to the body;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary, side elevational view of the bodyshown in FIG. 1 illustrating the interconnection thereof to thecontainer and the valve and nozzle means operably coupled thereto;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional, end elevational view taken along line 3-3of PEG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional, end elevational view taken along line 4-4of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional, end elevational view taken along line 5-5of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged, end elevational view of the notched disc which isinserted within the nozzle means for equalizing the pressure of theliquid in the latter;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional, plan view of a portion of the body forminga part of the pump; and

FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view of the block forming a part of the valvemeans operably coupled to the body illustrated in FIG. 7.

The pump which is the subject of the present invention is broadlydenoted by the numeral 143 and includes a body or housing 12, a tube 14operably coupled to body 12 and adapted to be inserted within aliquidscarrying container 16, valve means 18 disposed within body 12, acylinder and piston unit 20, and nozzle means 22 operably coupled withbody 12. Container 16 is adapted to contain liquids to be dispensed suchas disinfectants, bug sprays or the like. Container 16 is provided witha top 24 closing the normally uppermost end of the latter and a spout 26secured to top 24 in surrounding relationship to an opening 23 in thelatter proximal to one end thereof. Spout 26 is usually of a standardsize for containers of the type for containing liquids of the aforesaidcharacter and extends upwardly and terminates at a point in spacedrelationship to top 24.

Body 12 includes a pair of sections 30 and 32 which are interconnectedin a manner hereinafter set forth. Sections 30 and 32 are preferably ofa plastic material and molded in any suitable manner, section 30 beingthe normally uppermost section, and section 32 being the normallylowermost section of body 12.

Lower section 32 is provided with a continuous side wall 34 which issubstantially cylindrical, an end wall 36 integral with Wall 34, andannular flange means 38 integral with wall 34 at the end thereofopposite to the end integral with end wall 36, it being clear that endwall 36 closes one end of sidewall 34 and the opposite end thereof beingopen.

By virtue of the material forming sections 30 and 32, side Wall 34 isyieldable and is adapted to be yieldably disposed over spout 26 inclosing relationshipthereto. Flange means 38 engage top 24 when section32 closes spent 26 so as'to properly support section 32 on top 24. Byvirtue of the press fit of section 32 on spout 26, liquids are precludedfrom leaking between the engaging surfaces of spout 26 and section 52.End wall 36 is provided with an aperture 40 centrally disposed therein,and is further provided with an annular protuberance 42 extending towardthe center of aperture 40 and intermediate the opposed faces 44 and 46of end wall-36. Since section 32 is formed from a yieldable material,protuberance 42 is substantially yieldable for a purpose to be setforth.

Section 30 is provided with an elongated bore '48 therein, a pair ofprojections 50 and 52, and an extension 54 thereon. Bore 48 is adaptedto receive therein, valve means 18 so as to control the flow of liquidsinto and out of bore 48. Section 30 is provided with a lowermost surface56 which isengageable with the upper face 44 of section 32 when thefirst of the projections, namely projection 50,'is' inserted withinaperture 40 as is clear in FlG. '2. First projection 50 is provided withan annular recess 58"therein which is aligned with protuberance 42 forreceiving the latter when surface 56 of section 30 engages upper face 44of section 32. Thus, sections 30 and 32 are effectively interlocked andare removable, due to the yieldability of protuberance 42.

First and second projections 50 and 52 are provided with fluid passages60 and 52 respectively, extending therethrough and into fluidcommunicationwith bore 48. Projection 50 is provided with an extremitywhich is spaced below the lowermost face 46 of end wall 36 whenprojection 50 is inserted within aperture 40. Tube 14 is securedto'projection 50 by press fitting the same over the latter, and tube 14is adapted to extend to a point proximal to the bottom of container 16so as to maintain tube 14 within the liquids carried bycontalner -16substantially at all times.- Thus, bore-48 is in fluid communicationwith the interior of container 16 to permit the passage of liquids fromthe latter into bore 48.

Valve meansv 18 includes an elongated block or core 64 having a pair ofparallel, longitudinally extending fluid ducts 66 and 68 therethrough,and a pair of ball elements 70 and 72 for ducts 66 and 68 respectively.The ends of block '64 are counterbored to permit all elements 70 and 72to be carried in the respective ducts and, as is clear in FIG. 2, thecounterbores provide beveled, annular surfaces 74 and 76 respectivelyfor the corresponding ducts 66 and 68.

Ball elements 70 and 72 are formed from a lightweight material such asplastic or the like, and are movable into and out of engagement with thecorresponding surfaces 74 and 76 with a portion of the external surfacesextending into the corresponding ducts so as to seal the latter.Surfaces 74 and 76 thus provide valve seats for ball elements 70 and 72to seat the latter to prevent the flow of liquids through ducts '66 and68. Bore 48 extends outwardly from section 30 and through extension 54and terminates at the extremity of the latter. Block 64 extendsoutwardly from the extremity of extension 54 and' terminates in spacedrelationship to the latter to provide an annular bearing surface 78against which the cylinder and piston unit abuts in a manner to bedescribed.

Section 30 is provided with a shoulder 82 extending into here 48proximal to the end thereof remote from'th'e" open end thereof. Block 64is provided with an edge 84 transversely disposed relative to thelongitudinal axis thereof, and spaced from the latter, which edge 84 isengageable with shoulder 82 when block 64 is inserted within bore 48.Edge 84 is the extremity of a V-shaped notch 86 formed by removing aportion of block 64 and presenting a region 88 in fluid communicationwith first fluid passage 60 in first projection 50 and first duct 66. Itis, therefore, clear that block 64 is precluded from rotating about thelongitudinal axis thereof within bore 48 when edge 84 engages shoulder82;

Second fluid passage 62-is disposed in section 30 so. that thelongitudinal axis thereof is offset from the iongitudinal axis of secondduct 68 in block 64 when the latter is inserted within bore 48. Thus,section 30 provides an abutment '90 substantially aligned with secondduct 68 :andprovidinga surface against which ball element 72 isengageable. Ball element 72 is, therefore, precluded from beingremovedfrom the counterbored end of duct 68 :and the same is loosely restrictedWithin the 1 counterbore. I

Extension 54 is externally-threaded and threadably mounts one end 92 ofan elongated cylinder 94 forming a part of unit 20. o-ring 80.sea1stheinterconnection of extension 54 with end 92 to preclude the passageof fluid between the latter. Cylinder 94 extends outwardly fromextension 54 and terminates at a point thereon proximal L tothe end ofcontainer '16 opposite to the end thereof carrying spout 26. A knurled'nut 96 is threadably mounted on the opposite end of cylinder 94 andisprovided with an aperture therethrough for receiving an elongated rod98 having a. piston 100 at one end thereof shiftably mounted withincylinder 94.

A handle 102 is secured to rod 98 and is adapted to be grasped by theuser of pump 10 for shifting piston 100' between the ends of cylinder94. An annular limiting.

surface 104 within cylinder 94, limits the movemenfl'of piston 100toward extension 54. The 'annul-ar surface 106 opposed to surface 104provides an abutment for ball element 70 for limiting the movement ofthelatter and to prevent the same from being'removed from the counterbored end of duct 66. Furthermore, surface 106 engages,

surface 78 of block 64 when the same is insertedwithin bore 48. It isevident, therefore, that block-.64 isfirmly disposed within bore 48 andis precluded from movement relative to section 30.

Nozzle means 22 includes -a nozzle member 108 having a neck portion 110threadably mounted "on second'projection 52 proximal to theinterconnection of the latter to section 30, and a converging portion112having anorifice 114 therein for passing liquids issuing from secondfluid passage 62.- Nozzle 108 cooperates with an insert carried byprojection 52 and made up of astem and a disc 118. Converging portion112 is provided with a frnstoconical, inner surface 116 which isengageable-with the beveled, peripheral edge of the notched disc 118disposed within member 108 and spaced from the extremityof secondprojection 52 by means of-the stem 120. Disc 118 a is provided with aplurality of notches 122 in the peripheral edgethereof for passingliquids toward orifice. 114 of member 108.

Stem 120, rigid disc 118, extends into passage 62 and includes aplurality of interconnected plates. or ribs 124, each having alongitudinal edge engageable'with the second projection 52. within thesecond fluid passage :62. thereof. Thus, fluid. is permitted topassthrough second fluid passage 62 in the regions between the adjacentplates 124 and into a chamber 126 formed between-the extremity of secondprojection 52 and the proximal facerof disc. 118.

Plates 124 are provided witha discontinuity at the edges thereofengageable with the secondprojection 52 so as to provide shoulders 128which abut against the extremity of second projection 52 to limit theinward travel of stem 120 relative to the second fluid passage 62. Itis, therefore, evident that disc 118 is spaced from the extremity ofsecond projection 52 remote from section 30 at all times. Further, sincemember 108 is shiftable relative to second projection 52, the fluidissuing from second fluid passage 62 is permitted to flow between plates124, into chamber 126, and through notches 122 of disc 118 towardorifice 114. As member 108 is shifted outwardly away from the section30, fluid also is pennitted to flow into the space thus formed betweenthe frusto-conical surface 116 of member 108 and the peripheral edge ofdisc 118, to thereby vary the spray pattern of the liquids issuing fromorifice 114.

By virtue of the spacing of disc 118 from projection 52, chamber 126provides a region for equalizing the pres sure of the liquidstherewithin prior to the passage thereof through notches 122, or throughthe spaces formed by the shifting of member 108 away from section 30. Itis evident, therefore, that by virtue of this construction, a moreuniform spray pattern is obtained due to the equalization of the fluidpressure prior to the issuing thereof through orifice 114.

To support cylinder 94 when section 32 is disposed over spout 36, aU-shaped support 130 of yieldable material, is provided, which support130 is provided with a pair of sides 132 adapted to be secured to top 24in any suitable manner and a bight 134 interconnecting sides 132. Bight134 is transversely arcuate and provided with a concave surface facingoutwardly relative to top 24 when support 130 is secured to the latter.When side wall 34 of section 32 is press-fitted over spout 26, cylinder94 is disposed in cradled relationship to 'bight 134 and, due to theyieldability of the latter, cylinder 94 is substantially clamped, whileat the same time being cradled in bight 134. Thus, cylinder 94 isprecluded from lateral, as well as vertical, movement during theoperation of pump 10. Second projection 52 is provided with an annulardepression 136 therein proximal to the end thereof remote from section30. Depression 136 receives an annular O-ring 138 in sealingrelationship to member 108 when the latter is threadably mounted onsecond projection 52.

In operation, side wall 34 is press-fitted over spout 26 and cylinder 94is clamped by bight 134. The user of pump may thus move container 16 bygrasping bight 134 to move the unit, including container 16 and pump 10to the desired point of use. 'I'hereupon, by the shifting action ofpiston 100 Within cylinder 94, liquids Within con- =tainer 16 are raisedand are dispensed from pump 10 through orifice 114.

As piston 100 moves to the extremity of cylinder 94 remote from body 12,a suction is created within cylinder 94 and thereby second duct 68. Ballelement 72 then moves into engagement with beveled surface 76 to closeoff the proximal end of second duct 68 to prevent the flow of air intothe latter. Simultaneously, first ball element 70 is moved in thedirection of motion of piston 100 and, therefore, is unseated frombeveled surface 74 to permit air, and thereby liquids, to flow throughfirst duct 66 in the direction of movement of piston 100. Due to theatmospheric pressure exerted above the fluid in container 16, fluid isforced upwardly through tube 14, first fluid passage 60, and first duct66 by virtue of the suction created by piston 100. Thereupon, liquidsfrom container 16 move into cylinder 94 until piston 160 is stopped atthe end of cylinder 94 proximal to nut 96.

As piston 100 is shifted in the opposite direction toward section 30,ball element 70 is moved in the same direction to engage beveled surface74 and thus close first duct 66. The liquids in cylinder 94 are thusforced into second duct 68, unseating ball element 72, passing throughsecond fluid passage 62 and into chamber 126. The liquids then pass intonotches 122 of disc 118 and through orifice 114 of member 108. Sincesuflicient fluid pressure is exerted by means of piston to force theliquids through orifice 114, the liquids issue from the latter in theformof a spray directed toward the area in which nozzle means 22 ispointed. Liquids continue to issue from orifice 114 so long as piston100 moves toward the opposite end of its path of travel. Thereafter, thereciprocation of piston 100 alternately forces liquids up tube 14 andinto cylinder 94 and thence into second duct 68 and into nozzle means 22prior to issuing from the latter through orifice 114.

By virtue of the construction hereinafter above set forth, liquids aremore eflectively dispensed from a container, thus providing morepositive assurance of delivery of the liquids to a point of use.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desiredto be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In a fluid dispenser, a housing having a bore therethrough,presenting a fluid outlet at one end of the bore, there being a fluidinlet in the housing communicating with the bore and extending laterallytherefrom; pump means coupled with the housing in register with theopposite end of the bore; an elongated core in the bore having a pair oflongitudinally extending fluid ducts therethrough both communicating atone end thereof with said pump means, the opposite end of one of theducts being remote from said one end of the bore and in communicationwith said inlet, the opposite end of the other duct being incommunication with said outlet; a check valve at said one end of saidone duct for blocking flow of fluid in the latter toward the inlet; anda check valve at said opposite end of the other duct for blocking flowof fluid in the latter toward said pump means.

2. The invention of claim 1, each valve being a sphere, the ducts beingcounterbored to receive the valves and having seats at their inner endsengageable by the valves.

3. The invention of claim 1, said core having a notch at said oppositeend of said one duct in alignment with 'the inlet and the one duct.

4. Spray control structure for fluid dispensers of the kind having ahousing projection provided with a fluid outlet passage, said structureincluding an insert including a stem having a number of ribs andextending into said passage, the insert being provided with afrusto-conical disc on its outermost end spaced from the projection; anda nozzle on said projection housing the disc, said nozzle being providedwith a discharge orifice and an inner surface adapted to mate with thedisc, the nozzle being shiftable on the projection to move said surfacetoward and away from the disc, said disc having a notch for flow offluid from the passage to the orifice when said surface engages thedisc.

5. The invention of claim 4, said ribs being radially disposed on thestem and being enlarged between the disc and the projection, presentingshoulders abutting the outermost end of the projection.

6. In a hand pump, a housing having an elongated bore 'therethrough anda projection at one end of the housing provided with a fluid outletpassage registering with the bore, there being a fluid inlet in thehousing communicating with the bore and extending laterally therefrom;pump means coupled with the housing in register with the opposite end ofthe bore; an elongated core in the bore interposed between theprojection and the pump means, overlapping the inlet and in end-to-endrelationship with said projection and said pump means, said core havinga pair of fluid ducts therethrough parallel with the longitudinal axisof the bore, one of the ducts placing the pump means and the passageinto communication, the other duct placing the inlet and the pump meansinto communication; valve means for controlling the flow of fluidthrough the ducts; and structure on the projection controlling the flowof fluid from the latter, said structure including an orificed nozzleshiftable on the projection, and an insert within the nozzle secured tothe projection, said nozzle and said insert having cooperating parts forcontrolling the spray 7 pattern of -;the fluid emanating irony-thenozzleas the nozzle is s hjfted on the projection.

References Cited in the file of thispatent UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 1 8Tear Oct. 8, 1935 Lebet July 10, 1956 Goss July 10, 1956 Pinke Oct. 3,1961 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain July 17, 1924 France Oct. 18, 1910

1. IN A FLUID DISPENSER, A HOUSING HAVING A BORE THERETHROUGH,PRESENTING A FLUID OUTLET AT ONE END OFTHE BORE, THERE BEING A FLUIDINLET IN THE HOUSING COMMUNICATING WITH THE BORE AND EXTENDING LATERALLYTHEREFROM; PUMP MEANS COUPLED WITH THE HOUSING IN REGISTER WITH THEOPPOSITE END OF THE BORE; AN ELONGATED CORE IN THE BORE HAVING A PAIR OFLONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING FLUID DUCTS THERETHROUGH BOTH COMMUNICATING ATONE END THEREOF WITH SAID PUMP MEANS, THE OPPOSITE END OF ONE OF THEDUCTS